CWNA Certification CWNA-109 Dumps Full Questions with Free PDF Questions to Pass
100% Updated CWNP CWNA-109 Enterprise PDF Dumps
NEW QUESTION # 41
An RF signal sometimes bends as it passes through some material other than free space. What is the term that describes this behavior?
- A. Warping
- B. Reflection
- C. Scattering
- D. Refraction
Answer: D
Explanation:
Refraction is the bending of an RF signal as it passes through a medium with a different density than free space. This can cause the signal to change its direction and speed, which can affect the accuracy and reliability of wireless communication. Refraction is influenced by factors such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure12. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Radio Frequency Fundamentals, page 72; CWNA-109Study Guide, Chapter 2: Radio Frequency Fundamentals, page 67.
NEW QUESTION # 42
When a STA has authenticated to an AP (AP-1), but still maintains a connection with another AP (AP-2), what is the state of the STA on AP-1?
- A. Transitional
- B. Authenticated and Associated
- C. Authenticated and Unassociated
- D. Unauthenticated and Unassociated
Answer: C
Explanation:
Authenticated and Unassociated. According to one of the web search results1, a STA can be authenticated to multiple APs, but it can only be associated to one AP at a time. Association is the process of establishing a logical link between the STA and the AP, which allows the STA to send and receive data frames through the AP2. Therefore, when a STA has authenticated to an AP-1, but still maintains a connection with another AP-2, it means that the STA is authenticated to both APs, but only associated to AP-2. The state of the STA on AP-1 is authenticated and unassociated, which means that the STA can switch to AP-1 without repeating the authentication process, but it cannot send or receive data frames through AP-1 until it becomes associated.
NEW QUESTION # 43
Your manager asked you to locate a solution that allows for centralized monitoring of WLAN performance over time. He wants a single pane of glass for administration and monitoring of the solution. What do you recommend?
- A. Laptop-based protocol analyzers
- B. Overlay WLAN monitoring solution
- C. Laptop-based spectrum analyzers
- D. AP-based spectrum analysis
Answer: B
Explanation:
The solution that you recommend is an Overlay WLAN monitoring solution. An Overlay WLAN monitoring solution is a system that uses dedicated sensors or probes to monitor the WLAN performance over time. The sensors are deployed throughout the WLAN coverage area and collect data on various metrics such as signal strength, noise level, channel utilization, interference, throughput, latency, packet loss, and QoS. The sensors send the data to a centralized server or appliance that analyzes the data and provides a single pane of glass for administration and monitoring of the solution. An Overlay WLAN monitoring solution can help to detect and troubleshoot WLAN issues, optimize WLAN performance, and generate reports and alerts. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide:
ExamCWNA-109], page 538; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide:
ExamCWNA-109], page 508.
NEW QUESTION # 44
You are evaluating a connection that states the data rate is 150 Mbps. What is the expected throughput of this connection?
- A. 150 Mbps because the data rate is equal to the throughput
- B. Less than 150 Mbps because of 802.11 overhead and contention
- C. More than 150 Mbps because of compression
- D. 54 Mbps because that is the actual maximum throughput of an 802.11 connection
Answer: B
Explanation:
The data rate of a signal is the speed that the data bits in individual 802.11 data frames are sent, but it does not account for the actual amount of data that can be transmitted over time. The throughput of a connection is the flow of information over time, which is affected by various factors such as data encoding, modulation, encryption, airtime utilization, noise levels, interference, etc. Therefore, the throughput is always lower than the data rate. According to one of the web search results1, the actual throughput is normally 60-70 percent of the supported data rates. So, for a connection with a data rate of 150 Mbps, the expected throughput would be around 90-105 Mbps.
NEW QUESTION # 45
ABC Company is planning a point-to-multipoint outdoor bridge deployment with standalone (autonomous)
802.11 bridge units. 802.1X/EAP will be used for bridge authentication. A Linux-based RADIUS server will be used for authentication. What device in the bridge implementation acts as the 802.1X Authenticator?
- A. The root bridge
- B. The RADIUS server
- C. The Ethernet switch
- D. All non-root bridges
Answer: A
Explanation:
The device in the bridge implementation that acts as the 802.1X Authenticator is the root bridge. The root bridge is the bridge that connects to the wired network and acts as the central point for all other bridges in the point-to-multipoint topology. The root bridge authenticates the non-root bridges using 802.1X/EAP and forwards their authentication requests to the RADIUS server. The non-root bridges act as the 802.1X Supplicants and use EAP methods such as EAP-TLS or EAP-PEAP to authenticate with the root bridge. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide:
ExamCWNA-109], page 459; [Cisco Aironet Wireless Bridges FAQ], question 29.
NEW QUESTION # 46
You are deploying a WLAN with the access points configured for 10 mW of output power on the 2.4 GHz radios and 20 mW of output power on the 5GHz radios. Some semi-directional antennas are also in use. What kind of deployment is described?
- A. SOHO
- B. Standard office
- C. Residential
- D. High density
Answer: A
Explanation:
A high-density deployment is a wireless network that is designed to support a large number of users and devices in a relatively small area. This type of deployment is often used in enterprise environments, such as offices, schools, and hospitals.
The use of semi-directional antennas in the deployment described in the question is a good indication that it is a high-density deployment. Semi-directional antennas can be used to focus the signal from an access point in a specific direction. This can help to reduce interference and improve performance in high-density environments.
The other answer choices are less likely to be correct for the following reasons:
* SOHO (small office/home office) deployments are typically smaller and less complex than high-density deployments.
* Residential deployments are typically even smaller and less complex than SOHO deployments.
* Standard office deployments may be high-density, but they may also be lower-density.
It is important to note that the type of deployment is not determined solely by the output power of the access points. However, the use of 10 mW of output power on the 2.4 GHz radios and 20 mW of output power on the
5GHz radios is also consistent with a high-density deployment.
Here are some additional tips for deploying a high-density wireless network:
* Use a site survey to determine the optimal placement of access points.
* Configure the access points to use non-overlapping channels.
* Use semi-directional or directional antennas to focus the signal and reduce interference.
* Implement a wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS) to detect and mitigate rogue access points and other security threats.
NEW QUESTION # 47
An AP is advertised as a tri-band, 4x4:4, Wi-Fi 6, 802. 11ax AP. Based on this information and assuming it is correctly advertised, what can be determined as certainly true about this AP?
- A. It uses a modified OpenWRT firmware
- B. It supports four channels in 2.4 GHz and 4 channels in 5 GHz
- C. It has 4 radio chains
- D. It supports UL-MU-MIMO
Answer: C
Explanation:
Based on the information given, what can be determined as certainly true about this AP is that it has 4 radio chains. A radio chain is a hardware component that consists of an antenna, a radio frequency (RF) amplifier, and a transceiver. The number of radio chains indicates how many spatial streams an AP can transmit or receive simultaneously using Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology. The notation x:y:z in an AP specification denotes the number of radio chains (x), the number of spatial streams (y), and the number of spatial streams per band (z). Therefore, a tri-band, 4x4:4, Wi-Fi 6, 802.11ax AP has four radio chains in each of its three bands (2.4 GHz, low 5 GHz, and high 5 GHz). It also supports four spatial streams in total and four spatial streams per band. It cannot be determined as certainly true that it supports four channels in each band, UL-MU-MIMO, or uses a modified OpenWRT firmware based on the information given. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 223; [CWNA:
Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 213.
NEW QUESTION # 48
What ID is typically mapped to an AP's MAC address if a single BSS is implemented?
- A. Device ID
- B. VLAN ID
- C. BSSID
- D. SSID
Answer: C
Explanation:
The BSSID (Basic Service Set Identifier) is typically mapped to an AP's MAC address if a single BSS is implemented. The BSSID is a unique identifier that distinguishes one BSS from another within the same RF medium. It is usually derived from the MAC address of the AP's radio interface, but it can also be manually configured or randomly generated by some vendors. The BSSID is used by client stations to associate with an AP and to send and receive frames within a BSS. References: , Chapter 1, page 24; , Section 1.2
NEW QUESTION # 49
You are using a tool that allows you to see signal strength for all Aps in the area with a visual representation. It shows you SSIDs available and the security settings for each SSID. It allows you to filter by frequency band to see only 2.4 GHz networks or only 5 GHz networks. No additional features are available.
What kind of application is described?
- A. WLAN scanner tool
- B. Protocol analyzer
- C. Site survey utility
- D. Spectrum analyzer
Answer: A
Explanation:
The tool described is a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) scanner tool. WLAN scanner tools are designed to provide information about the wireless networks in a given area, including:
* Signal Strength: They show the signal strength of all access points (APs) in the vicinity, which is crucial for understanding the coverage area and potential interference.
* SSID Visualization: These tools display the SSIDs (Service Set Identifiers) of available networks, allowing users to identify different wireless networks easily.
* Security Settings Information: WLAN scanner tools often show the type of security implemented on each network, such as WPA2, WEP, etc.
* Frequency Band Filtering: They allow users to filter and view networks based on the frequency band (2.4 GHz or 5 GHz), which is useful for analyzing network distribution and planning.
While protocol analyzers, site survey utilities, and spectrum analyzers are also used in wireless networking, their functions are distinct from what is described:
* Protocol Analyzersare more sophisticated and are used to capture and analyze network traffic.
* Site Survey Utilitiesare used to map signal coverage and plan network layouts, often with more advanced features for detailed site surveys.
* Spectrum Analyzersprovide a detailed view of the frequency spectrum and non-Wi-Fi interference but don't typically focus on SSIDs or security settings.
Thus, the correct answer is D, a WLAN scanner tool, based on the functionalities described.
References:
* CWNA Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam PW0-105, by David D.
Coleman and David A. Westcott.
* Tools and techniques for wireless network analysis and troubleshooting.
NEW QUESTION # 50
What statement about 802.3, Clause 33 Power over Ethernet is true?
- A. Only midspan PSEs are supported.
- B. When using CAT5 cabling, you increase the maximum draw available to the PD over that available with CAT6.
- C. Only endpoint PSEs are supported.
- D. The lowest voltage drop is achieved when using CAT6 cable instead of Cat5 or CAT5e.
Answer: D
Explanation:
https://www.cablinginstall.com/articles/2012/08/cat-6a-vs-cat-5e-poe.html The statement that the lowest voltage drop is achieved when using CAT6 cable instead of Cat5 or CAT5e is true about 802.3, Clause 33 Power over Ethernet. Power over Ethernet (PoE) is a technology that allows electrical power to be delivered over Ethernet cables along with data signals. PoE is defined by IEEE 802.3, Clause 33 and has several variants, such as PoE (802.3af), PoE+ (802.3at), and PoE++ (802.3bt). PoE works by using a device called PSE (Power Sourcing Equipment) that injects power into the Ethernet cable and a device called PD (Powered Device) that receives power from the Ethernet cable. The PSE can be either an endpoint device, such as a switch or a router, or a midspan device, such as an injector or a splitter, that is inserted between two Ethernet devices. The PD can be any device that requires power, such as an access point, a camera, or a phone.
One of the factors that affects PoE performance is voltage drop, which is the reduction of voltage that occurs as current flows through a cable due to its resistance. Voltage drop can cause power loss and inefficiency in PoE systems, as well as damage to PDs if the voltage falls below their minimum requirement. To minimize voltage drop, it is recommended to use high-quality cables with low resistance and short length. Among the common types of Ethernet cables, CAT6 has the lowest resistance and therefore the lowest voltage drop compared to Cat5 or CAT5e. CAT6 also has higher bandwidth and data rate than Cat5 or CAT5e, making it more suitable for PoE applications. References: 1, Chapter 7, page 263; 2, Section 4.4
NEW QUESTION # 51
What feature of 802.1 lax (HE) is managed with beacon and trigger frames and is primarily a power management method, but also provides more efficient access to the channel used within a BSS?
- A. BSS Color
- B. OFDMA
- C. UL-MU-MIMO
- D. TWT
Answer: D
Explanation:
TWT is the feature of 802.11ax (HE) that is managed with beacon and trigger frames and is primarily a power management method, but also provides more efficient access to the channel used within a BSS. TWT stands for target wake time, which is a mechanism that allows an access point and a client device to negotiate and schedule specific times for data transmission and reception. This enables the client device to enter a low-power sleep mode when it is not expected to communicate with the access point, which saves battery life and reduces power consumption. TWT also reduces contention and interference on the channel used within a BSS, as it coordinates the transmissions of multiple client devices and avoids collisions. TWT is managed with beacon and trigger frames, which are two types of management frames that are used to announce and initiate data exchanges. A beacon frame is a frame that is periodically sent by an access point to advertise its presence, capabilities, and parameters to client devices. A trigger frame is a frame that is sent by an access point or a client device to request or initiate a data transmission with another device. BSS color, UL-MU-MIMO, and OFDMA are other features of 802.11ax (HE) that are not primarily power management methods, but rather performance enhancement methods. BSS color is a feature that assigns a color code to each BSS to differentiate it from other BSSs that use the same channel. This reduces interference and improves spatial reuse of the channel. UL-MU-MIMO is a feature that allows an access point to receive multiple simultaneous transmissions from different client devices using multiple spatial streams. This increases capacity and throughput of the uplink direction. OFDMA is a feature that divides a channel into smaller subchannels called resource units (RUs) that can be allocated to different devices for concurrent transmissions. This increases efficiency and flexibility of the channel utilization. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 10:
Wireless LAN Operation, page 323
NEW QUESTION # 52
Which unit of measurement, as formally defined, is an absolute unit that is used to quantify received signal power levels on a logarithmic scale?
- A. SNI
- B. VSWR
- C. dBi
- D. dBm
Answer: D
Explanation:
The unit of measurement that is an absolute unit and is used to quantify received signal power levels on a logarithmic scale is dBm. dBm stands for decibel-milliwatt and represents the power level relative to 1 milliwatt (mW). dBm is an absolute unit because it has a fixed reference point and does not depend on the input power level. dBm is used to measure the received signal power levels on a logarithmic scale because it can express large variations in power levels with small numbers and make calculations easier. For example, a
10 dB increase in power level means a 10-fold increase in power, and a 20 dB increase means a 100-fold increase in power. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide:
ExamCWNA-109], page 66; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide:
ExamCWNA-109], page 56.
NEW QUESTION # 53
You are attempting to explain RF shadow and how it can cause lack of coverage. What common building item frequently causes RF shadow and must be accounted for in coverage plans?
- A. Carpeted floors
- B. Cubicle partitions
- C. Elevators
- D. Wooden doors
Answer: C
Explanation:
Elevators are a common building item that frequently causes RF shadow and must be accounted for in coverage plans. RF shadow is a term that describes an area where wireless signals are blocked or significantly weakened by an obstacle or an object that absorbs or reflects RF energy. RF shadow can cause lack of coverage or poor performance in a WLAN because wireless devices in those areas may not be able to communicate with access points or other devices. RF shadow can be mitigated by adjusting access point placement, antenna orientation, transmit power level, or channel selection to avoid or overcome the obstacle or object that causes it. Elevators are a common building item that frequently causes RF shadow because they are made of metal and they move up and down within a shaft. Metal is a material that has high attenuation and reflection values, which means it can block or bounce off wireless signals very effectively. A moving elevator can create dynamic RF shadow that changes depending on its position and direction. Therefore, elevators must be accounted for in coverage plans to ensure adequate WLAN coverage and performance throughout the facility. The other options are not common building items that frequently cause RF shadow or must be accounted for in coverage plans. Wooden doors are not likely to cause RF shadow because they are made of wood, which is a material that has low attenuation and reflection values, which means it can pass through or slightly weaken wireless signals. Carpeted floors are not likely to cause RF shadow because they are made of fabric, which is a material that has low attenuation and reflection values, which means it can pass through or slightly weaken wireless signals. Cubicle partitions are not likely to cause RF shadow because they are made of thin plastic or cardboard, which are materials that have low attenuation and reflection values, which means they can pass through or slightly weaken wireless signals. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 13:
Wireless LAN Site Surveys - Types & Processes , page 433
NEW QUESTION # 54
A POE device requires 47 W of power. What POE specification should be used?
- A. 802. 11at
- B. 802.3bt
- C. 802.3af
- D. 802.3at
Answer: B
Explanation:
A POE device that requires 47 W of power should use the 802.3bt specification. This is because 802.3bt is the latest POE standard that supports up to 90 W of power delivery over four pairs of wires in an Ethernet cable.
The previous POE standards, such as 802.3af and 802.3at, only support up to 15.4 W and 30 W of power delivery over two pairs of wires in an Ethernet cable, respectively. Therefore, they are not sufficient for powering a device that requires 47 W of power. The 802.11at specification does not exist; it is a typo or confusion with the 802.3at specification. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 8: Wireless LAN Access Points, page 2431
NEW QUESTION # 55
What statement about 802.11 WLAN bridges is true?
- A. WLAN bridges only work in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and they support only SISO communications
- B. WLAN bridges may support MIMO communications, but only if used in the 5 GHz frequency band
- C. WLAN bridges must use a channel with acceptable SNR at both transceivers to maintain the desired data rate bi-directionally
- D. WLAN bridges must be implemented such that no interference occurs on the channel anywhere between the two endpoints used to establish the bridge
Answer: C
Explanation:
WLAN bridges must use a channel with acceptable SNR at both transceivers to maintain the desired data rate bi-directionally. A WLAN bridge is a device that connects two or more networks using the 802.11 protocol. A WLAN bridge must have a clear and strong signal between the two endpoints to ensure reliable and fast data transmission. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a measure of the quality of the signal, which depends on the distance, interference, obstacles, and antenna gain between the transceivers. A higher SNR means a better signal quality and a higher data rate. A lower SNR means a worse signal quality and a lower data rate. Therefore, a WLAN bridge must use a channel with acceptable SNR at both transceivers to maintain the desired data rate bi-directionally1.
NEW QUESTION # 56
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